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中級者向け英文法:【英語の時制の一致】完全ガイド③|直接話法から間接話法への書き換え完全ガイド|英語の「伝言・報告」が劇的にスムーズに!間接話法マスターへの3ステップ

「会議の内容を上司に報告する」
「同僚からの伝言をクライアントに伝える」
英語を使って仕事をする中で、こうした「誰かが言ったことを別の人に伝える」場面は非常に多くあります。

しかし、いざ伝えようとすると「時制はどうすればいいんだっけ?」「代名詞は I のままでいいの?」と迷ってしまい、言葉が詰まってしまった経験はありませんか?

これまでの記事では、時制の一致の概念とバックシフトの型を学びました。本記事では、それらの知識を総動員して、直接話法から間接話法へとスムーズに書き換える「実践スキル」をマスターします。

単なる文法問題の解き方ではなく、ビジネスや日常の報告シーンで「〇〇さんがこう言っていました」と自信を持って共有できる力を一緒に身につけていきましょう。

目次

1. 構造の違い:直接話法と間接話法

誰かの発言を第三者に伝える際、英語では2つのアプローチがあります。それぞれの特徴と使い分けを理解することが、効果的なコミュニケーションの基盤となります。

直接話法:引用符を使って発話をそのまま示す

話し手が実際に口にした言葉を、引用符(” “)を使って一言一句そのまま再現する方法です。発言した当時の視点や言葉遣い、感情がそのまま保たれます。

He said, “I’m tired.”
(彼は「私は疲れている」と言った。)

使用場面:

  • ニュース記事での政治家の発言
  • 小説や映画での登場人物の会話
  • 重要な約束や指示を正確に伝えたい場合
  • 相手の言葉のニュアンスや感情を強調したい場合

間接話法:引用符を外してthat節などに組み込む

話し手の言葉を、伝える人(現在の話し手)の視点に合わせて整理し直し、文の一部(that節など)に組み込んで伝える方法です。引用符は使用しません。

He said (that) he was tired.
(彼は疲れていると言った。)

使用場面:

  • 日常会話での伝言や報告
  • ビジネスメールでの状況報告
  • 会議の議事録や要約
  • カジュアルな情報共有

核心となる例で変換の流れを理解する

【場面】昨日、彼女が明日電話すると言った

Direct: She said, “I’ll call you tomorrow.
Indirect: She said (that) she‘d call me the next day.

この変換で何が起きているのか、要素ごとに分解してみましょう:

  • I → she(代名詞の変化:話し手を第三者視点で表現)
  • will → would (‘d)(時制の一致:backshift)
  • you → me(代名詞の変化:聞き手を伝える人の視点に調整)
  • tomorrow → the next day(時の語の変化:過去の視点に調整)

この1つの例に、間接話法の3つの重要な変化がすべて含まれています。

2. 主な変化ルール

直接話法から間接話法への変換では、以下の3つの要素が同時に変化します。これらを体系的に理解することで、自然で正確な間接話法を使えるようになります。

2-1. 時制の一致(現在 → 過去 など)

主節の動詞(said, told など)が過去形の場合、発言内容の時制を一段階「過去側」にずらします。これは前回の記事で学んだbackshiftのルールそのものです。ただし、基本はbackshift(過去へずらす)ですが、内容が今も変わらない事実の場合は現在形のままにすることもあります。

現在形 → 過去形

  1. Direct: “I work from home on Fridays.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she worked from home on Fridays.
  2. Direct: “The system is down right now.” 
    Indirect: The IT team said (that) the system was down at that moment.
  3. Direct: “I need your signature on this document.” 
    Indirect: My manager said (that) she needed my signature on that document.
  4. Direct: “We have a team meeting every Monday.” 
    Indirect: They said (that) they had a team meeting every Monday.
  5. Direct: “This project requires more resources.” 
    Indirect: The director said (that) that project required more resources.
  6. Direct: “I don’t understand this part of the contract.” 
    Indirect: The client said (that) he didn’t understand that part of the contract.
  7. Direct: “The office is closed today.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) the office was closed that day.
  8. Direct: “I prefer to communicate via email.” 
    Indirect: She mentioned (that) she preferred to communicate via email.
  9. Direct: “The Wi-Fi password is on the wall.” 
    Indirect: The receptionist said (that) the Wi-Fi password was on the wall.
  10. Direct: “I usually take the train to work.” 
    Indirect: My colleague said (that) she usually took the train to work.
  11. Direct: “This software doesn’t work properly.” 
    Indirect: He complained (that) that software didn’t work properly.
  12. Direct: “We handle customer support here.” 
    Indirect: She explained (that) they handled customer support there.
  13. Direct: “I have a doctor’s appointment this afternoon.” 
    Indirect: My colleague said (that) she had a doctor’s appointment that afternoon.
  14. Direct: “The meeting starts at 2 PM.” 
    Indirect: They announced (that) the meeting started at 2 PM.
  15. Direct: “I live near the station.” 
    Indirect: He mentioned (that) he lived near the station.

現在進行形 → 過去進行形

  1. Direct: “I’m working on the quarterly report right now.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she was working on the quarterly report at that moment.
  2. Direct: “We’re reviewing all applications this week.” 
    Indirect: The HR team said (that) they were reviewing all applications that week.
  3. Direct: “I’m heading to the office now.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he was heading to the office then.
  4. Direct: “The team is testing the new feature today.” 
    Indirect: The developer said (that) the team was testing the new feature that day.
  5. Direct: “I’m waiting for feedback from the client.” 
    Indirect: She mentioned (that) she was waiting for feedback from the client.
  6. Direct: “We’re experiencing some technical difficulties.” 
    Indirect: The support team said (that) they were experiencing some technical difficulties.
  7. Direct: “I’m preparing a presentation for tomorrow’s meeting.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he was preparing a presentation for the next day’s meeting.
  8. Direct: “The company is expanding into new markets.” 
    Indirect: The CEO announced (that) the company was expanding into new markets.
  9. Direct: “I’m looking for a new apartment.” 
    Indirect: My friend said (that) she was looking for a new apartment.
  10. Direct: “We’re considering several options for the project.” 
    Indirect: They said (that) they were considering several options for the project.
  11. Direct: “I’m attending a workshop this afternoon.” 
    Indirect: My colleague told me (that) she was attending a workshop that afternoon.
  12. Direct: “The server is updating automatically.” 
    Indirect: The IT specialist said (that) the server was updating automatically.

現在完了 → 過去完了

  1. Direct: “I’ve already sent the invoice to accounting.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she had already sent the invoice to accounting.
  2. Direct: “We’ve completed the first phase of the project.” 
    Indirect: The team announced (that) they had completed the first phase of the project.
  3. Direct: “I’ve never worked with this software before.” 
    Indirect: He admitted (that) he had never worked with that software before.
  4. Direct: “The client has approved our proposal.” 
    Indirect: My manager said (that) the client had approved our proposal.
  5. Direct: “I’ve lost my security badge.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he had lost his security badge.
  6. Direct: “We’ve received over 200 applications.” 
    Indirect: HR said (that) they had received over 200 applications.
  7. Direct: “I’ve finished reviewing all the documents.” 
    Indirect: The lawyer told us (that) he had finished reviewing all the documents.
  8. Direct: “The company has launched a new product line.” 
    Indirect: They announced (that) the company had launched a new product line.
  9. Direct: “I’ve spoken to the supplier about the delay.” 
    Indirect: My colleague said (that) she had spoken to the supplier about the delay.
  10. Direct: “We’ve decided to postpone the event.” 
    Indirect: The organizers said (that) they had decided to postpone the event.
  11. Direct: “I’ve been to that restaurant several times.” 
    Indirect: She mentioned (that) she had been to that restaurant several times.
  12. Direct: “They’ve updated the system.” 
    Indirect: She told me (that) they had updated the system.

will → would / can → could

  1. Direct: “I’ll send you the updated schedule tomorrow.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she would send me the updated schedule the next day.
  2. Direct: “We’ll have the results by the end of the week.” 
    Indirect: They said (that) they would have the results by the end of that week.
  3. Direct: “I’ll call you back in 10 minutes.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he would call me back in 10 minutes.
  4. Direct: “I can help you with that project.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she could help me with that project.
  5. Direct: “We can meet anytime this week.” 
    Indirect: They said (that) they could meet anytime that week.
  6. Direct: “I can’t attend the meeting tomorrow.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he couldn’t attend the meeting the next day.
  7. Direct: “The package will arrive tomorrow morning.” 
    Indirect: The delivery service confirmed (that) the package would arrive the next morning.
  8. Direct: “I’ll check my schedule.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he would check his schedule.
  9. Direct: “We can offer you a 10% discount.” 
    Indirect: The sales rep said (that) they could offer us a 10% discount.
  10. Direct: “I’ll be out of the office next week.” 
    Indirect: She mentioned (that) she would be out of the office the following week.
  11. Direct: “I can’t hear you well.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she couldn’t hear me well.
  12. Direct: “We’ll discuss this issue at the next meeting.” 
    Indirect: The manager said (that) they would discuss that issue at the next meeting.

2-2. 代名詞の調整(I → he/she)

誰が誰に言ったのか」という状況に応じて、代名詞を現在の話し手の視点に合わせて変換します。

基本的な変化パターン:

直接話法間接話法条件
Ihe / she第三者が話し手の場合
wethey第三者グループが話し手の場合
youme / I元の聞き手が現在の話し手の場合
youhim / her / them元の聞き手が別の第三者の場合
myhis / her第三者の所有
ourtheir第三者グループの所有

注意:表の中で you → me / I となっていますが、文脈によっては us / we になるパターンも多くあります。
例:(上司が私たちに) You did a good job.” → He told us that we had done a good job.

実践例:

【場面1】同僚(女性)が私に言った

  1. Direct: “I’m responsible for this project.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she was responsible for that project.
  2. Direct: “I submitted my resignation yesterday.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he had submitted his resignation the day before.
  3. Direct: “I don’t agree with this decision.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she didn’t agree with that decision.
  4. Direct: “I need to leave early today.” 
    Indirect: He said (that) he needed to leave early that day.
  5. Direct: “I made a mistake in the calculations.” 
    Indirect: The accountant admitted (that) she had made a mistake in the calculations.
  6. Direct: “I prefer to work independently.” 
    Indirect: He mentioned (that) he preferred to work independently.
  7. Direct: “I’m excited about the new opportunity.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) she was excited about the new opportunity.
  8. Direct: “I can’t make it to the dinner party.” 
    Indirect: My friend said (that) he couldn’t make it to the dinner party.
  9. Direct: “I forgot to attach the file to the email.” 
    Indirect: My colleague said (that) she had forgotten to attach the file to the email.
  10. Direct: “I’ll handle the client presentation myself.” 
    Indirect: The sales manager said (that) he would handle the client presentation himself.
  11. Direct: “I sent the file to you yesterday.” 
    Indirect: My colleague said (that) she had sent the file to me the day before.

【場面2】チームが全体に向けて言った

  1. Direct: “We need to finalize the budget by Friday.” 
    Indirect: The finance team said (that) they needed to finalize the budget by Friday.
  2. Direct: “We’re launching a new product next quarter.” 
    Indirect: The company announced (that) they were launching a new product the following quarter.
  3. Direct: “We’ve decided to hire two more developers.” 
    Indirect: HR said (that) they had decided to hire two more developers.
  4. Direct: “We can’t meet the original deadline.” 
    Indirect: The project team said (that) they couldn’t meet the original deadline.
  5. Direct: “We’re moving to a new office in June.” 
    Indirect: They announced (that) they were moving to a new office in June.
  6. Direct: “We’ll send you the contract tomorrow.” 
    Indirect: The legal department said (that) they would send us the contract the next day.
  7. Direct: “We’re experiencing high demand for this service.” 
    Indirect: The customer service team said (that) they were experiencing high demand for that service.
  8. Direct: “We’re planning to expand our operations overseas.” 
    Indirect: The executives said (that) they were planning to expand their operations overseas.

【場面3】上司が私に言った

  1. Direct: “You did an excellent job on the presentation.” 
    Indirect: My boss told me (that) had done an excellent job on the presentation.
  2. Direct: “You need to submit the report by tomorrow.” 
    Indirect: She said (that) I needed to submit the report by the next day.
  3. Direct: “You’ve been selected for the training program.” 
    Indirect: HR told me (that) had been selected for the training program.
  4. Direct: “You should consider applying for the promotion.” 
    Indirect: My manager suggested (that) I should consider applying for the promotion.
  5. Direct: “You can take the rest of the day off.” 
    Indirect: My supervisor said (that) I could take the rest of the day off.
  6. Direct: “Your presentation was excellent.” 
    Indirect: The client told me (that) my presentation had been excellent.
  7. Direct: “You have a meeting scheduled for 3 PM.” 
    Indirect: My assistant reminded me (that) I had a meeting scheduled for 3 PM.
  8. Direct: “You can work remotely for the rest of the week.” 
    Indirect: My boss said (that) I could work remotely for the rest of that week.

2-3. 時・場所の語の変化

発言された「その時・その場所」と、伝えている「現在」にはズレが生じるため、過去の視点に基づいた語句へ置き換えます。

時間を表す語の変化:

直接話法間接話法意味
todaythat day今日 → その日
tomorrowthe next day / the following day明日 → 翌日
yesterdaythe day before / the previous day昨日 → 前日
nowthen / at that moment今 → その時
tonightthat night / that evening今夜 → その夜
this weekthat week今週 → その週
next weekthe following week来週 → 翌週
last weekthe week before先週 → 前の週

時間表現の変化実例

  1. today → that day
    • Direct: “I have three meetings scheduled today.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) she had three meetings scheduled that day.
  2. tomorrow → the next day
    • Direct: “I’ll send you the files tomorrow.”
    • Indirect: He said (that) he would send me the files the next day.
  3. yesterday → the day before
    • Direct: “I submitted the application yesterday.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) she had submitted the application the day before.
  4. now → then
    • Direct: “I’m in a meeting right now.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) she was in a meeting at that moment.
  5. tonight → that night
    • Direct: “I’ll work late tonight.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) she would work late that night.
  6. this week → that week
    • Direct: “I’m on vacation this week.
    • Indirect: He said (that) he was on vacation that week.
  7. next week → the following week
    • Direct: “I’ll be traveling next week.”
    • Indirect: He said (that) he would be traveling the following week.
  8. last week → the week before
    • Direct: “I completed the training last week.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) she had completed the training the week before.
  9. this morning → that morning
    • Direct: “I had a call with the client this morning.”
    • Indirect: He said (that) he had had a call with the client that morning.
  10. tomorrow morning → the next morning
    • Direct: “The interview is scheduled for tomorrow morning.”
    • Indirect: HR told me (that) the interview was scheduled for the following morning.

場所を表す語の変化:

直接話法間接話法意味
herethereここ → そこ
thisthatこれ → それ
thesethoseこれら → それら

場所表現の変化実例

  1. here → there
    • Direct: “I’ll meet you here at 3 PM.
    • Indirect: He said (that) he would meet me there at 3 PM.
  2. this → that
    • Direct: “This is the best solution for our needs.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) that was the best solution for their needs.
  3. these → those
    • Direct: “These documents need your approval.”
    • Indirect: My assistant said (that) those documents needed my approval.
  4. here → there (場所)
    • Direct: “Our main office is here in Shibuya.
    • Indirect: The manager said (that) their main office was there in Shibuya.
  5. this place → that place
    • Direct: “I really like this place.”
    • Indirect: She said (that) she really liked that place.

注意:Indirect: The manager said (that) their main office was there in Shibuya.
実際の発話場所がまだ渋谷にいる場合は here のままになることもあります。伝える場所が変わった場合にthereに変わります。

3. 会話例で理解

3つの変化(時制、代名詞、時・場所の語)が実際の会話でどのように連動するのか、現代のビジネスや日常でよくある場面を通して確認しましょう。

3-1. 職場での報告・連絡

【場面1】同僚のリモートワーク連絡を上司に報告

Direct: “I’m working from home today and I’ll join the team meeting online,” my colleague said.

Indirect: My colleague said (that) she was working from home that day and (that) she would join the team meeting online.

変化のポイント:

  • I → she(同僚を第三者として表現)
  • am working → was working(現在進行形 → 過去進行形)
  • today → that day(時の語の変化)
  • I’ll → she would(will → would)

【場面2】クライアントからの連絡を社内で共有

Direct: “We’ve reviewed your proposal and we’d like to schedule a follow-up meeting next week,” the client said.

Indirect: The client said (that) they had reviewed our proposal and (that) they would like to schedule a follow-up meeting the following week.

変化のポイント:

  • We → they(クライアントを第三者として表現)
  • have reviewed → had reviewed(現在完了 → 過去完了)
  • your → our(私たちの提案書)
  • next week → the following week(時の語の変化)

【場面3】プロジェクトの進捗報告

Direct: “We’ve completed 80% of the project and we’re on track to finish by next Friday,” the team leader said.

Indirect: The team leader said (that) they had completed 80% of the project and (that) they were on track to finish by the following Friday.

変化のポイント:

  • We → they
  • have completed → had completed
  • next Friday → the following Friday

【場面4】上司からのフィードバック

Direct: “You did an outstanding job on this project and I’m recommending you for a promotion,” my manager told me.

Indirect: My manager told me (that) I had done an outstanding job on that project and (that) she was recommending me for a promotion.

変化のポイント:

  • You → I
  • did → had done
  • this → that
  • I’m → she was
  • you → me

【場面5】同僚の休暇連絡

Direct: “I’ll be out of the office next week and my colleague will handle my responsibilities,” she said.

Indirect: She said (that) she would be out of the office the following week and (that) her colleague would handle her responsibilities.

変化のポイント: 

  • I’ll → she would
  • next week → the following week
  • my → her

【場面6】IT部門からの通知

Direct: “The system will be down for maintenance tonight from 11 PM to 2 AM,” the IT team announced.

Indirect: The IT team announced (that) the system would be down for maintenance that night from 11 PM to 2 AM.

変化のポイント:

  • will → would
  • tonight → that night

【場面7】会議のリスケジュール

Direct: “The board meeting has been moved from Thursday to next Monday,” my assistant informed me.

Indirect: My assistant informed me (that) the board meeting had been moved from Thursday to the following Monday.

変化のポイント:

  • has been moved → had been moved
  • next Monday → the following Monday

【場面8】新入社員のオリエンテーション

Direct: “I’m starting here today and I’m really excited to join the team,” the new employee said.

Indirect: The new employee said (that) she was starting there that day and (that) she was really excited to join the team.

変化のポイント:

  •  I’m → she was
  • here → there
  • today → that day

【場面9】予算会議での発言

Direct: “We need to cut costs by 15% this quarter and I’m looking for suggestions from all departments,” the CFO said.

Indirect: The CFO said (that) they needed to cut costs by 15% that quarter and (that) he was looking for suggestions from all departments.

変化のポイント:

  •  We → they
  • need → needed
  • this quarter → that quarter
  • I’m → he was

【場面10】営業チームからの報告

Direct: “I closed three new deals this week and I’m confident we’ll exceed our quarterly target,” the sales rep said.

Indirect: The sales rep said (that) he had closed three new deals that week and (that) he was confident they would exceed their quarterly target.

変化のポイント: 

  •  I → he
  • closed → had closed
  • this week → that week
  • we’ll → they would
  •  our → their

3-2. 日常会話での伝言

【場面1】友人からのメッセージを別の友人に伝える

Direct: “I can’t make it to dinner tonight. Let’s reschedule for tomorrow,” she texted.

Indirect: She texted (that) she couldn’t make it to dinner that night and suggested (that) we reschedule for the next day.

変化のポイント:

  • I → she(友人を第三者として表現)
  • can’t → couldn’t(can → could)
  • tonight → that night(時の語の変化)
  • tomorrow → the next day(時の語の変化)
  • Let’s → we should / suggested(提案の表現)

【場面2】友人との約束

Direct: “I can’t make it to lunch tomorrow because I have a dentist appointment,” my friend said.

Indirect: My friend said (that) she couldn’t make it to lunch the next day because she had a dentist appointment.

変化のポイント:

  •  I → she
  • can’t → couldn’t
  • tomorrow → the next day
  • have → had

【場面3】レストランの予約

Direct: “We have a table available tonight at 7:30 PM,” the restaurant said.

Indirect: The restaurant said (that) they had a table available that night at 7:30 PM.

変化のポイント:

  •  We → they
  • have → had
  • tonight → that night

【場面4】配送業者からの通知

Direct: “Your package arrived this morning and we’ll deliver it tomorrow,” the courier service said.

Indirect: The courier service said (that) my package had arrived that morning and (that) they would deliver it the next day.

変化のポイント:

  • Your → my
  • arrived → had arrived
  • this morning → that morning
  • we’ll → they would
  • tomorrow → the next day

【場面5】医師の診断

Direct: “Your test results look good and you don’t need another check-up for six months,” the doctor told me.

Indirect: The doctor told me (that) my test results looked good and (that) I didn’t need another check-up for six months.

変化のポイント: 

  • Your → my
  • you → I
  • don’t → didn’t

【場面6】友人の引っ越し

Direct: “I’m moving to a new apartment next month and I’d really appreciate your help,” my friend said.

Indirect: My friend said (that) he was moving to a new apartment the following month and (that) he would really appreciate my help.

変化のポイント:

  •  I’m → he was
  • next month → the following month
  • I’d → he would
  • your → my

3-3. Reporting Verbの使い分け

間接話法では、said や told だけでなく、発言の性質や態度に応じて適切な動詞を選ぶことで、より自然で正確な表現になります。

基本的なReporting Verbs:

動詞ニュアンス例文
said / told基本的・中立的She said (that) the meeting was postponed.
mentionedさりげなく言及He mentioned (that) the deadline had changed.
explained理由・背景を説明She explained (that) the delay was due to technical issues.
confirmed確認・再確認The manager confirmed (that) the budget was approved.
announced公式に発表The CEO announced (that) the company would expand overseas.
admitted認める・白状He admitted (that) he had made a mistake.
suggested提案She suggested (that) we try a different approach.
complained不満を述べるThe customer complained (that) the service was slow.

4. 実践練習

練習A:基本変換(8問)

次の直接話法を間接話法に書き換えなさい。時制、代名詞、時・場所の語の変化に注意してください。

  1. “I’m attending a webinar this afternoon,” she said.
  2. “We’ve already submitted the proposal to the client,” the team leader said.
  3. “I’ll send you the meeting minutes tomorrow morning,” my assistant told me.
  4. “I can’t access the shared drive from here,” he said.
  5. “We’re launching the new product next month,” the marketing director announced.
  6. “I spoke to the supplier yesterday about the delay,” my colleague said.
  7. “You need to update your password today,” the IT department told me.
  8. “I’ve been working on this project for three months,” she mentioned.

練習B:実践的な場面(3問)

以下の職場や日常での会話を間接話法で報告してください。

  • クライアントミーティング後の報告 Client: 
    “We’re very satisfied with your team’s work and we’d like to extend the contract for another year.”
    あなたが上司に報告する文:
  • 同僚からの緊急連絡 Colleague: 
    “I’m stuck in traffic and I’ll be about 30 minutes late for the meeting.”
    あなたがチームに伝える文:
  • 上司からのプロジェクト指示 Manager: 
    “This project is our top priority this quarter. I need everyone to focus their efforts here.”
    あなたがチームメンバーに伝える文:

練習C:あなた自身の例文(自由記述)

最近、誰かに言われたこと・メールやチャットで受け取ったメッセージを3文、間接話法で書いてみましょう。

あなたの文:

解答

練習A:基本変換(8問)

  1. She said (that) she was attending a webinar that afternoon.
  2. The team leader said (that) they had already submitted the proposal to the client.
  3. My assistant told me (that) she would send me the meeting minutes the next morning.
  4. He said (that) he couldn’t access the shared drive from there.
  5. The marketing director announced (that) they were launching the new product the following month.
  6. My colleague said (that) she had spoken to the supplier the day before about the delay.
  7. The IT department told me (that) I needed to update my password that day.
  8. She mentioned (that) she had been working on that project for three months.

練習B:実践的な場面(3問)

  • The client said (that) they were very satisfied with our team’s work and (that) they would like to extend the contract for another year.
  • My colleague said (that) she was stuck in traffic and (that) she would be about 30 minutes late for the meeting.
  • The manager said (that) that project was our top priority that quarter and (that) she needed everyone to focus their efforts there.

練習C:あなた自身の例文(自由記述)

例:

  1. My manager told me (that) I had done an excellent job on the presentation.
  2. The delivery service confirmed (that) my package would arrive the next day.
  3. My friend mentioned (that) she was planning to visit Kyoto the following month.

5. ビジネスコミュニケーションでの活用

ビジネスメールや報告書で間接話法を使う際は、以下のポイントを意識しましょう:

フォーマルなReporting Verbsの活用:

  • confirmed(確認した)
  • indicated(示した)
  • emphasized(強調した)
  • clarified(明確にした)
  • noted(言及した)

例:
 “The director confirmed that the project timeline would remain unchanged and emphasized that all deliverables must be completed by the original deadline.”

間接話法は、正確な情報伝達と円滑なコミュニケーションのための重要なスキルです。3つの変化ルールを意識しながら、日常の会話やビジネスシーンで積極的に活用してください。

まとめ

お疲れ様でした!直接話法から間接話法への変換は、一見複雑に見えますが、実は以下の「3つの変化」を同時にチェックするだけです。

  1. 時制のバックシフト: 主節が過去なら、発言内容は一段階「過去」へ。
  2. 代名詞の調整: 「誰が誰に」言っているのか、現在の自分の視点に置き換える。
  3. 時・場所の語の変化: tomorrow → the next day など、過去の視点に時間をずらす。

💡 迷った時のコツ

間接話法は、「話し手の言葉を自分の言葉として整理して、相手にわかりやすく伝える」ための思いやりです。一言一句を正確に再現する(直接話法)よりも、状況を正しく要約して伝える(間接話法)の方が、ビジネスでは圧倒的に重宝されます。

まずは身近な伝言から、学んだReporting Verbs(said, told, confirmedなど)を使ってアウトプットしてみてください。

次のステップへの案内

間接話法の基本がマスターできたら、次は少し応用編です。 「〜ですか?」という質問や、「〜してください」という依頼・命令をどう伝えればよいのか?次回の記事で、さらに表現の幅を広げていきましょう!

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本格的な英語学習方法を知りたい方はこちら

このガイドは、35年以上の英語教育経験を持つ矢野晃によって作成されました。数千人の講師を育て数千人の生徒を指導してきた実績に基づく、実践的で効果的な学習方法をお届けしています。

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